RAC 11g Installation steps

                                                        

                                     Oracle RAC 11g Installation

Oracle RAC 11g incorporates a two-phase installation process: 

•       Phase one installs Oracle Cluster-ware.

•       Phase two installs the Oracle Database 11g software with RAC.

                        .    Total time expend: - 10 Hours

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1. Complete pre-installation tasks:                                   4 Hours.

–      Hardware requirements

–      Software requirements

–      Environment configuration, kernel
parameters, and so on

2. Perform Oracle Cluster-ware installation.                        1 Hour.
3. Perform ASM installation.                                                    1 Hour.
4. Perform Oracle Database 11g software installation.       1 Hour.
   
   
5. Install EM agent on cluster nodes if using Grid Control.    1 Hour.
6. Perform cluster database creation.                                         1 Hour.
7. Complete post installation tasks.                                             1 Hour.

Server Hardware Requirements:-

Each node must meet the following minimum hardware requirements:

·         At least 1 GB of Physical RAM

·         Swap space equivalent to the multiple of the available RAM

Available RAM	Swap Space Required
Between 1 GB and 2 GB	1.5 times the size of RAM
More than 2 GB	Equal to the size of RAM

·         400 MB of disk space in the /tmp directory

·         Up to 4 GB of disk space for the Oracle Software

Software Requirement:-

                             Download software from www.oracle.com

#. Oracle Database 11g Release.

#. All require RPM as per below list.

#. OS Linux4.0

Network Requirements:-

•       Each node must have at least two network adapters.

•       Each public network adapter must support TCP/IP.

•       The interconnect adapter must support User Datagram Protocol (UDP).

•       The host name and IP address associated with the public interface must be registered in the domain name service (DNS) or the /etc/hosts file.

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Pre-installation Tasks:-

                Check system requirements.

                Check software requirements.

                Check kernel parameters.

                Create groups and users.

                Perform cluster setup.

Hardware Requirements:-

·             At least 1 GB of physical memory is needed.

               # grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo

                   MemTotal:       1126400 kB

•       A minimum of 1 GB of swap space is required.

                       # grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo

                       SwapTotal:     1566328 kB

•       The /tmp directory should be at least 400 MB.

                                    # df -k /tmp

                                Filesystem   1K-blocks     Used Available Use%

                                 /dev/sda6      6198556  3137920   2745756  54%

•       The Oracle Database 11g software requires up to 4 GB of disk space.

IP Requirements:-

Before starting the installation, you must have the following IP addresses available for each node:

• An IP address with an associated network name registered in the domain name service (DNS) for the public interface. If you do not have an available DNS, then record the network name and IP address in the system hosts file, /etc/hosts.
• One virtual IP (VIP) address with an associated network name registered in DNS. If you do not have an available DNS, then record the network name and VIP address in the system hosts file, /etc/hosts. Select an address for your VIP that meets the following requirements:
• The IP address and network name are currently unused
• The VIP is on the same subnet as your public interface

·         A private IP address with a host name for each private interface

Node	Interface Name	Type	IP Address (example)	Registered In
rac1	rac1	Public	XX.XX.43.20	DNS (if available, else the hosts file)
rac1	rac1-vip	Virtual	XX.XX.33.14	DNS (if available, else the hosts file)
rac1	rac1-priv	Private	10.140.10.1	Hosts file
rac2	rac2	Public	XX.XX.33.21	DNS (if available, else the hosts file)
rac2	rac2-vip	Virtual	XX.XX.33.15	DNS (if available, else the hosts file)
rac2	rac2-priv	Private	10.140.10.2	Hosts file

Package Requirements:-

•       Package versions are checked by the cluvfy utility.

•       For example, required packages and versions for Red Hat 4.0 and Oracle Enterprise Linux 4 include:

–      glibc-2.3.4-2.25

–      glibc-common-2.3.4.2-25

–      glibc-devel-2.3.4.2-25

–      gcc-3.4.6-3

–      gcc-c++-3.4.6-3

–      libaio-0.3.105-2

–      libaio-devel-0.3.105-2

–      libstdc++-3.4.6-3.1

–      make-3.80-6

–      sysstat-5.0.5-11

Required UNIX Groups and Users:-

•       Create an oracle user, a dba, and an oinstall group on each node:

                      # groupadd -g 500 oinstall

                       # groupadd -g 501 dba

                       # useradd -u 500 -d /home/oracle -g "oinstall" \  –G "dba" -m  -s /bin/bash oracle

•       Verify the existence of the nobody nonprivileged user:

                         # grep nobody /etc/passwd

                         Nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nobody

.    Oracle User Environment:-

Set umask to 022.

Set the DISPLAY environment variable.

Set the ORACLE_BASE environment variable.

Set the TMP and TMPDIR variables, if needed.

$ cd

$ vi .bash_profile

umask 022

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE

TMP=/u01/mytmp; export TMP

TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR

. User Shell Limits:-

Add the following lines to the /etc/security/limits.conf file:

                              soft           nproc   2047

                                hard       nproc    16384

                                soft        nofile    1024

                                hard       nofile    65536

Add the following line to the /etc/pam.d/login file:

                              session                  required              /lib/security/pam_limits.so

Configuring for Remote Installation:-

To configure Secure Shell:

1.      Create the public and private keys on all nodes:

                           [vx0044]$ /usr/bin/ssh-keygen -t dsa

                           [vx0045]$ /usr/bin/ssh-keygen -t dsa

2.      Concatenate id_dsa.pub from all nodes into the authorized_keys file on the first node:

                                      [vx0044]$ ssh vx0044 "cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub" >> \ ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

                                      [vx0044]$ ssh vx0045 "cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub" >> \ ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

3.      Copy the authorized_keys file to the other nodes:

                        [vx0044]$ scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys vx0045:/home/oracle/.ssh/

Linux Operating System Parameters:-

$ vi /etc/sysctl.conf

Add or amend the following lines to the "/etc/sysctl.conf" file.

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 1054504960

kernel.shmmni = 4096

# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default=262144

net.core.rmem_max=4194304

net.core.wmem_default=262144

net.core.wmem_max=1048586

Run the following command to change the current kernel parameters.

#/sbin/sysctl -p

Required Directories for the Oracle Database Software:-

You must identify five directories for the Oracle database software:

•      Oracle base directory

•      Oracle inventory directory

•      Oracle Cluster-ware home directory

•      Oracle home directory for the database

•      Oracle home directory for ASM

Cluster Setup:-

Download software

Oracle 11g Release 2 (11.2) Software.

Verifying Cluster Setup with cluvfy:-

•      Install the cvuqdisk rpm required for cluvfy:

              # su root

                    # cd /stage/db/rpm

                    # export CVUQDISK_GRP=dba

                    # rpm -iv cvuqdisk-1.0.1-1.rpm

•      Run the cluvfy utility as oracle as shown below:

                   # cd /stage/db

                    #  ./runcluvfy.sh stage -post hwos -n all -verbose

Installing Oracle Cluster-ware:-

$ export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

 $ ./stage/db/runInstaller

Specifying the Inventory Directory

Specify Home Details

Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks

Cluster Configuration

Private Interconnect Enforcement

Oracle Cluster Registry File

Voting Disk File

Summary and Install

Run Configuration Scripts on All Nodes

End of Installation

Verifying the Oracle Cluster-ware Installation:-

•       Check for Oracle Cluster-ware processes with the ps command.

•       Check the Oracle Cluster-ware startup entries in the /etc/inittab file.

# cat /etc/inittab

# Run xdm in runlevel 5

x:5:respawn:/etc/X11/prefdm -nodaemon

h1:35:respawn:/etc/init.d/init.evmd run >/dev/null 2>&1 </dev/null

h2:35:respawn:/etc/init.d/init.cssd fatal >/dev/null 2>&1 </dev/null

h3:35:respawn:/etc/init.d/init.crsd run >/dev/null 2>&1 </dev/null

Installing Automatic Storage Management:-

$ id

 oracle

 $ /stage/db/runInstaller

Installation Type

Install Location

Hardware Cluster Installation Mode

Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks

Select Configuration Option

Privileged Operating System Groups

Execute Configuration Scripts

                      

                                 ASM Configuration

$ export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/asm_1

$ export PATH=$PATH:ORACLE_HOME/bin

$ dbca

Click on Next

Click on Next

Click on Next

Creating ASM Disk Groups

Click on Ok.

Click on Finish………..

Select a Product to Install:-

$ /stage/db/runInstaller

Click on Next

Select Installation Type

Click on Next

Install Location

Click on next

Specify Cluster Installation

Click on next

Products Prerequisite Check

Click on Next

Select Configuration Option

Click on Next

Privileged Operating System Groups

Click on next

Check Summary

Click on Install

Required Tasks Prior to Database Creation

Set the environment variables for the Oracle database:

$ cd

$ vi .bash_profile

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_SID=RDB1

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1;

export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

Checks before Database Creation:-

•      Use cluvfy to perform a configuration check before database creation.

•      Use the –pre option with the dbcfg argument when executing runcluvfy.

•      As oracle, run the command as shown below:

$ cd /stage/db

$ ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre dbcfg -n vx0306,vx0313 -d /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0

•      Set the Oracle database–related environment variables for the oracle user.

RAC Database Creation:-

$ cd /stage/EM

$ ./runInstaller

Management Agent Installation:

Specify Installation Type

Click on next

Specify Installation Location

Click on next

Specify Cluster Installation Mode

Click on next

Prerequisite Check and OMS Location

Management Agent Installation Finish

Executing the root.sh Script

Creating the Cluster Database:-

$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1/bin

$ ./dbca

Click on next

Node Selection

Select Database Type

Database Identification

Cluster Database Management Method

Passwords for Database Schema Owners

.

Storage Options for Database Files

ASM Disk Groups

Database File Locations

Recovery Configuration

Database Content

Initialization Parameters

Security Settings and Maintenance Tasks

Database Storage Options

Create the Database

Monitor Progress

Post installation Tasks:-

•      Verify the cluster database configuration.

$ srvctl config database -d racdb

vx0306 racdb1 /u01/app/.../db_1

vx0313 racdb2 /u01/app/.../db_1

•      Back up the root.sh script.

$ cd $ORACLE_HOME

$ cp root.sh root.sh.bak

•      Back up the voting disk.

$ dd if=/dev/sdb6 of=/RACdb/OCR/backup/vdisk.bak

Download and install the required patch updates...

Check Managed Targets:-

http://vx0314.us.oracle.com:4889/em